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Claudio Abbado: A Life in Pictures
The great Italian conductor Claudio Abbado blazed a trail around the world – from La Scala Milan to the London Symphony Orchestra, from Chicago to Vienna and Berlin. He was known for his Germanic orchestral repertoire as well as his interest in Rossini and Verdi.
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1. A musical upbringing
Born in Milan on 26 June 1933, Claudio Abbado was the son of a violinist and composer. His father was his first piano teacher. Young Claudio decided to be a conductor as a child after hearing a performance of Claude Debussy's Nocturnes.
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2. A gentle conductor
After studying piano, composition, and conducting at the Milan Conservatory, Abbado took up conducting studies at the Vienna Academy of Music. As a young man, he had the opportunity to attend many rehearsals in Milan led by such legends as Toscanini and Furtwängler. He later said that Toscanini's tyrannical manner towards musicians repelled him, and that he resolved to behave in a gentler manner.
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3. The young prize-winner
In 1958, Abbado won the international Serge Koussevitsky Competition for conductors at the Tanglewood Music Festival which resulted in a number of operatic conducting engagements in Italy. In 1963 he won the Dimitri Mitropoulos Prize for conductors, which enabled him to work for five months with the New York Philharmonic.
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4. Adored in his hometown
Abbado made his début at La Scala, Milan in 1960 going on to serve as its music director from 1968 to 1986. He conducted not only the traditional Italian repertoire but also presented a contemporary opera each year, as well as a concert series devoted to the works of Berg and Mussorgsky.
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5. A man of the people
Abbado also founded the Filarmonica della Scala in 1982, for the performance of orchestral repertoire in concert. He was very keen to increase accessibility to music for lower income audiences.
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6. Years in Vienna
Abbado conducted the Vienna Philharmonic for the first time in 1965 in a concert at the Salzburg Festival, and became its principal conductor in 1971. He served as music director and conductor for the Vienna State Opera from 1986 to 1991, with notable productions including Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov.
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7. Abbado conquers Britain
In 1965, Abbado made his British debut with the Halle Orchestra, followed by his LSO debut in 1966. He continued to conduct on a regular basis with the LSO until 1979. From 1979 to 1988 he became its principal conductor
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8. In Chicago
From 1982 to 1986 Abbado was principal guest conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. With both orchestras, he made a number of highly acclaimed recordings for Deutsche Grammophon.
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9. In Karajan's footsteps
In 1989, the Berlin Philharmonic elected Abbado as their chief conductor to succeed Herbert von Karajan. In 1998, he announced that he would be leaving the Berlin Philharmonic after the expiry of his contract in 2002.
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10. Conquering cancer
Abbado was diagnosed with stomach cancer in 2000 and the treatment led to the removal of a portion of his digestive system. After recovering from cancer, he formed the Lucerne Festival Orchestra in 2003, whose concerts were highly acclaimed. He also served as music director of the Orchestra Mozart of Bologna, Italy.
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11. Return to Berlin
In 2004 Abbado returned to conduct the Berlin Philharmonic and performed Mahler's Symphony No. 6 in a series of recorded live concerts. The resulting CD won Best Orchestral Recording and Record of the Year in Gramophone Magazine's 2006 awards.
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12. Award with Martha Argerich
In 2005, Abbado won a Grammy Award for his recording of Beethoven's Piano Concertos Nos. 2 and 3 with Martha Argerich.
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13. An indefatigable spirit
In September 2007 Abbado announced that he was cancelling all of his forthcoming conducting engagements for the "near future" on the advice of his physicians but two months later he resumed conducting concerts with an engagement in Bologna.
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14. A champion of the Romantics and the Moderns
Abbado was celebrated for his interpretations of a wide range of Romantic works, in particular those of Mahler, whose symphonies he has recorded several times. He was also noted for his performances of modern works by composers such as Schoenberg and Stockhausen.
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15. Lauded in his lifetime
Abbado received numerous awards and recognitions throughout his illustrious career, including the Grand cross of the Légion d'honneur, the Imperial Prize of Japan, and honorary doctorates from the universities of Ferrara, Cambridge, Aberdeen, and Havana. He is survived by his son the opera director Daniele Abbado, and another son Misha, from his relationship with the violinist Viktoria Mullova.
